Challenges for integrated pest management of Dasineura brassicae in oilseed rape

Abstract The use of insecticides in flowering oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L. ) against pest insects such as the brassica pod midge Dasineura brassicae W.) often conflicts with protection pollinating and beneficial insects. is a major insect European production. However, comprehensive sustainable control strategy within framework integrated management (IPM) does not exist, little research on has been published during past two decades. This paper reviews existing knowledge about D. along its life cycle intended to form basis for further activities pod-damaging rape. Important gaps are identified, regarding significance natural enemies, diapause induction, predictions damage potential, based initial population. short lifespan adults particularly challenging praxis. implementation IPM discussed four steps (set an economic threshold, establish monitoring, preventive measures, direct measures) remaining hurdles, well potential solutions better IPM, identified. For , there no science-based threshold applicable monitoring methods farmers, which hinders field-specific forecast precise timing insecticide applications. Research into improved (e.g. selective attractants, real-time using remote-sensing technologies) appears be promising step towards .